In an animal model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, astrocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) promotes the transfer of healthy mitochondria from astrocytes to neurons by reducing lactate production and inhibiting the lactylation of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1), thereby enhancing neuronal recovery and alleviating neuropathological damage (Zhou et al., 2024). Here, ARF1 is linked to Cerebral ischemia.