However, in addition to being suppressed by Tregs in COPD patients, the authors observed exhaustive effector T cell phenotype (upregulation of surface PD-1) and altered CD4+CD25high CD127− after in vitro treatments [12] which might limit their capacity to perform effective antiviral and antibacterial effector functions [13]. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.