Notably, previous studies demonstrated that canagliflozin alleviates renal oxidative stress and fibrosis in diabetic patients via anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms ings extend this knowledge by revealing a novel pathway: canagliflozin protects renal tubular cells in septic AKI through the AMPKα1/PGC1α/NRF1 axis, which restores mitochondrial regeneration and homeostasis. This evidence concerns the gene NRF1 and acute kidney injury.