CD8A and neoplasm: Two-plex NIR-II molecular imaging using PD1 aptamer-labeled ICG (ICG-Apt-PD1, targeting PD1) and CD8 aptamer-labeled QDs (QDs@Apt-CD8, targeting CD8+ T cells) enabled noninvasive in vivo monitoring of the number of CD8+ T cells and PD1 levels within tumors, allowing for the evaluation of tumor immunophenotypes and prediction of the therapeutic efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.