WB assays also confirmed that treatment with rhSFRP1, rmSFRP1, and CM from CAF-Sfrp1 enhanced tumor stemness and EMT activity, as evidenced by upregulation of CD44, CD133, ZEB1, Vimentin, and N-cadherin, along with the downregulation of E-cadherin (Figure 5J). Here, VIM is linked to neoplasm.