Notably, Intervention with the flavonoid luteolin administration in a mouse model of experimental colitis significantly reduced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels and increasing SOD and catalase CAT activities; additionally, luteolin elevated nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels and its downstream targets, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADP(H): quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), showcasing its potent antioxidative effects (93). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is colitis.