BRAF and melanoma: Patients at high risk of developing melanoma metastasis (relapse) after surgery can reduce the risk and increase their distant melanoma-free survival through adjuvant treatment.50–53 Whilst adjuvant therapies, both immunotherapy and BRAF-targeted treatments, reduce the recurrence risk, more work is required to distinguish patients needing treatment from those cured by surgery alone.54 This is important to healthcare providers in terms of reducing treatment burden and the high price of drugs, but vital to patients who could avoid treatment toxicities if adjuvant therapy is not required.