The most commonly assessed subsets were CD3+ T cell (five articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), CD4+ T cell (five articles with contradictory results), CD8+ T cell (four articles with contradictory results), B cell and NK cell (three articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), and Tregs (three articles with contradictory results). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is gestational diabetes.