In the comparison of background factors among the csPCa, ciPCa, and no cancer groups, significant differences were found in age at TTSB (p=0.002), PSA at TTSB (p=0.002), prostate volume (p < 0.001), the number of cores obtained using TTSB (p=0.001), PSA density (p < 0.001), and DRE findings (p < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and cancer.