CD8A and neoplasm: As shown in Fig. 5, the flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in the number of M1-like tumor-associated macrophages (M1-TAMs), CD8+T cells, TNFα+CD8+T cells, IFN-γ+CD8+T cells, and NK cells, a significant decrease of FoxP3+Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs), a significantly higher ratio of functional CD8+ T cells (TNF-α+CD8+T cells and IFN-γ+CD8+T cells) to Tregs, and a significantly higher ratio of M1-TAMs to M2-TAMs in residual tumors in the triple combination treatment group than in the other four groups (Fig. 5).