The immunosuppressive microenvironment of residual tumors was significantly improved by the combination therapy with a significantly increased ratio of M1-like tumor-associated macrophages to M2-like tumor-associated macrophages, a significantly decreased infiltration of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and a significantly lower expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and neoplasm.