Moreover, a higher adherence measured with the Knuppel score (HR: 0.87, 95 % CI: 0.78, 0.98), the Hanley-Cook score (HR: 0.88, 95 % CI: 0.80, 0.97), and the Kesse-Guyot score (HR: 0.81, 95 % CI: 0.71, 0.92) was associated with lower risk of AD among APOE ε4 non-carriers (supplementary Table 6, Fig. 2). Here, APOE is linked to Alzheimer disease.