IL1A and pneumonia: This result partially agreed with previous data suggesting that proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress indicators are sensitive markers for pneumonia in sheep [14, 35, 153], goats [154] and cattle calves [148], but this result disagrees with these studies in terms of marker preference, as it prioritizes proinflammatory cytokines among oxidative stress markers (due to their percentage increase, especially IL-1α) and excludes NO (due to its low specificity and LR).