In our opinion, this is the first study to identify SNPs in antioxidant (SOD1, CAT, GPX1, NOS, HMOX1, and NQO1) and immunological (IL-1α, IL1B, IL6, TNF-α, IL10, LFA-1, CR2, IL17, IL13, DEFB123, SCART1, and ICAM1) genes as potential suspects for pneumonia resistance/susceptibility in Barki ewes. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is pneumonia.