For example, ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) and ATO (arsenic trioxide), which form the backbone of the treatment of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, result in autophagy-induced proteolysis of the fusion oncoprotein PML-RARA (promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha), meaning they induce cytoreductive autophagy [24]. Here, PML is linked to acute promyelocytic leukemia.