Dysregulated adipokine release with a reduced adiponectin concentration and increased release of visfatin, leptin, resistin and retinol-binding protein 4 from adipocytes, as well as a pro-inflammatory cytokine pattern including increased concentrations of TNF α, IL-1β and IL-17, promote insulin resistance and other hallmarks of metabolic syndrome [7]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and metabolic syndrome.