INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Curiously, a phase Iplacebo-controlled trial with toIDC pulsed with the proinsulin peptide C19-A3 inpatients with long-standing T1D showed safety, slight decrease in HbA1c (average0.34%), reduced antigen-specific T cell proliferation and cytokine response to thevaccine peptide for more than two years (93), without changes in general immune competence (94).