IGF1 and atrial fibrillation: <b>Methods:</b> We isolate primary nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and primary annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs) from rats as the target cells of rat insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1), and verify the proliferation and migration; constructed cartilage endplate stem cells (CESCs) engineered cells that release exosomes containing high concentrations of IGF1by lentiviral infection, and used the IGF1-CESCs combined with combined silk fibroin (SF) and a collagen-mixed hydrogel for the treatment of AF wounds in rat.