APOL1 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: Advances in gene-editing technologies, including CRISPR, offer hope for targeted therapies in FSGS management.<h4>Objectives</h4>This review explores the link between APOL1 variants and FSGS pathogenesis, focusing on their role in podocyte injury and assessing the utility of APOL1 genetic testing in diagnosis and treatment strategies.<h4>Methodology</h4>A systematic literature review was conducted using Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and PsychINFO up to April 2024.