Additionally, 3-OHB infusion increased Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 in participants with type 1 diabetes (mean difference 0.47; 95% CI 0.23, 0.71; p<0.001) compared with NaCl, with only a small, insignificant difference in control participants (mean difference 0.22; 95% CI −0.02, 0.46; p=0.08) (Fig. 6e). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.