The results of animal experiments demonstrated that GP intervention reduced alveolar bone resorption and periodontal tissue destruction in rats with periodontitis, inhibited osteoclast differentiation, improved mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontal tissue, promoted GLUT4 expression, and reduced oxidative stress levels and cell apoptosis.<h4>Discussion</h4>GP regulates oxidative damage in periodontal tissues by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, promoting glucose transporter expression, and enhancing glucose uptake, with UCP2 playing a central role. The gene discussed is SLC2A4; the disease is periodontitis.