RNF213 and infection: Nevertheless, deletion of IpaH1.4, either alone or in combination with IpaH2.5, was insufficient for RNF213-mediated ubiquitylation to restrict Shigella replication in a cell-based infection model, a situation reminiscent of TssM in Burkholderia thailandensis, whose deletion also did not affect bacterial replication in response to bacterial ubiquitylation48.