AHSG and chronic kidney disease: Subgroup analysis showed that increased KIM-1 in urine or blood was strongly associated with ESRD, and decreased Fetuin-A levels in Asians had a significant association with the incidence of ESRD.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Osteopontin, KIM-1, and Fetuin-A significantly reflect ESRD in CKD patients, making them potential prognostic indicators.