Consistent with acknowledged roles in NEC pathogenesis,31 T cell inflammatory programming and chemotaxis (TRAC [T cell receptor alpha constant], CORO1A [coronin 1A], CXCL13 [CXC motif chemokine ligand 13], LDHB [lactate dehydrogenase B], LTB [lymphotoxin beta], JAK3 [janus kinase 3])42,43,44,45,46,47 and inflammatory macrophage signaling (PYGL [glycogen phosphorylase L], CSF3 [colony stimulating factor 3], MCOLN2 [mucolipin TRP cation channel 2])48,49,50 characterized respective clusters of classical NEC CD45+ ROIs. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and necrotizing enterocolitis.