While on the one hand, lipid peroxidation products, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), can modify KEAP1 cysteines and thereby activate Nrf2 [12], on the other hand, excessive lipid peroxidation also inhibits Nrf2-regulated antioxidant enzymes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), and peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX6), disrupting redox homeostasis and promoting ferroptosis in AD [7,12,25]. Here, TXNRD1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.