In line with previous studies (48, 51–53), the ADTKD-causing mutant was localized intracellularly (Figure 3D) and triggered ER stress (GRP78 and XBP1s) and ER stress–induced cell death (CHOP and TRIB3) gene expression (Figure 3E). This evidence concerns the gene DDIT3 and autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease with or without hyperuricemia.