To validate the findings from the preclinical aged mouse model, we evaluated the frequency of ICOS+CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and 4 weeks after anti–PD-(L)1 therapy (Supplemental Figure 9A). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.