Despite severe infection, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis of lung tissue from mice with IAPA showed minimal induction of genes associated with key antifungal effector responses, such as type-1 T-helper cell (Th1) (IFNG) and Th17 (IL17A) responses, mononuclear inflammation (IL6), and recruitment of innate effector cells (e.g., CCL2), with relative expression levels of 0.82–1.32 in IAPA versus IAV-only groups (Fig. 1B). Here, CCL2 is linked to infection.