GFAP and dementia: Biomarkers such asphosphorylated tau isoforms (pTau), beta amyloid isoforms (Aβ), neurofilament lightchain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are among the most robust, widelystudied, and sensitive indicators of dementia risk; they are increasingly being used inmemory clinics and provide cost-effective, scalable alternatives to gold-standard PETimaging and CSF markers.