Elevated levels of α2,3-linked sialylated structures could prime innate immune cells, thereby increasing susceptibility to colitis.33,34 Given that 3'-SL carries sialic acid, excessive accumulation in the gut may disrupt the delicate balance between mucin sialylation and fucosylation – both of which are essential for maintaining gut homeostasis. This evidence concerns the gene MUC5AC and colitis.