We aimed to evaluate (i) whether HLA‐E*01 is associated with IM risk, (ii) whether HLA‐E*01 influences MS risk, and (iii) whether HLA‐E*01 and IM interact to increase MS susceptibility independently of the interactions between IM and HLA‐DRB1*15:01 and HLA‐A*02:01 alleles. The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.