In terms of the molecular mechanisms, exercise induces BDNF and Scg2 expression in the brain and spinal cord and could support the induction of rewiring and recovery after stroke (Gomez-Pinilla et al., 2001; Inoue et al., 2022; Inoue et al., 2023; Sato et al., 2025). Here, BDNF is linked to stroke disorder.