Additionally, the effects of GBE administration on autophagy and cardiac hypertrophy may be mitigated by the SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527, which also lowers Ang II oxidative stress and the production of SIRT1 and FoxO1. This implies that GBE may be useful as a medication to treat pathological heart hypertrophy (Jiang et al., 2021). Here, AGT is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.