DDX53 and neoplasm: Compared with monotherapy, serial tumor volume measurements demonstrated that αPD-1 in combination with PA-MSHA exhibited a pronounced inhibitory effect on tumor growth (Figures 5A, D) and notably increased the survival of MC38- and CT26-loaded mice (Figures 5B, E).The tumor tissues from the MC38-loaded mice were photographed on day 25, and the tumor weights were determined, which showed that the tumor masses in the αPD-1 combined with PA-MSHA treatment group were 0.203 and 0.235 times higher than those in the αPD-1 or PA-MSHA alone groups, respectively (Figure 5C).