In particular, cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β secreted by glioma cells, as well as chemokines such as CCL2 and CSF-1, jointly form a complex regulatory network that plays a crucial role in the polarization transition from the M1 type to the M2 type (22, 23). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glioma.