Another study confirmed that the core genes HSPB1, SPP1, IGFBP3 and TGFB1, which are involved in the therapeutic mechanism of SJZD in the CRC TME, affect CRC development and prognosis by regulating hypoxia, protein binding and EMT in the extracellular matrix (40). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma.