The initial exploration of IPF's pathophysiology reveals numerous potential therapeutic targets, including αvβ6 integrin, Pentraxin 2, Galectin-3, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), interleukin-13 (IL-13), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and autotaxin. Here, APCS is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.