SOD1 and diabetes mellitus: According to the results of the current investigation, lipid peroxidation was reduced, and antioxidant enzyme SOD and CAT levels were increased in STZ-diabetic rats after the oral administration of AE and EE of S. officinalis [62]; the efficiency was markedly increased in high doses of both EE of S. officinalis, presenting small molecules of “metformin-like” substances in addition to rich phenolic content that can modulate diabetes and attenuate its complications [60, 61].