2016–2024 belongs to the third phase, the research on lipid droplets and their role in neurological diseases is still growing steadily, showing the scientific value and research potential of the relationship between lipid droplets and the CNS, and the formation of LDs is intricately linked to pathological aspects such as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, aging, neurodegeneration, and ApoE risk genes. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and nervous system disorder.