TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: (136) also confirmed the effect of physical exercise It has been demonstrated that aerobic exercise training may improve renal aging-induced fibrosis by modulating the TGF-β1/Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)/Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MMK3)/p38MAPK signaling pathway, thereby inducing autophagy activation, reducing extracellular matrix synthesis, delaying EMT and thus improving renal fibrosis in aged mice.