For example, AF blocks signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent NF-kB and telomerase activity in breast cancer and multiple myeloma cells.24,25AF also activates the FOXO3 suppressor and inhibits the protein kinase Cι (PKCι) signalling in ovarian cancer models, as well as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in non-small cell lung cancer cells.26,27. Here, STAT3 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.