CXCL12 and breast cancer: While some literature discusses their individual implications, the evidence on their prognostic impact is still controversial: some demonstrate its association with the downregulation of genes linked to metastasis inhibition, promoting the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells,74,75 while others suggest that higher expression of CXCL12 is associated with better survival, suppressing tumor growth and invasion in both breast76 and pancreatic cancer.77