EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In summary, the results of previous studies as well as the present study indicate that in future studies, exploring factors influencing immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC with EGFR mutations (e.g., EGFR mutation subtype, combined with other mutations, etc.), novel immunotherapeutic methods (e.g., chimeric antigen receptor T cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy), changes in the TME before and after immunotherapy, and the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy are still hot topics and bottlenecks.