Additionally, we found that the average bone mineral density measured at the heel bone, arm, lumbar and femur, prevalence of fracture history within five years, and prevalence of various self-reported clinical risk factors, including diabetes, diabetic medication (insulin), hypertension, blood pressure medication, high cholesterol, cholesterol lowering medication, cardiovascular disease, bone disease, arthritis, and cancer were all similar between the two cohorts. Here, INS is linked to arthritic joint disease.