TGFB1 and neoplasm: Wnt5a enhances the invasiveness induced by macrophages, promoting tumor cell migration.387,388 It inhibits the differentiation of macrophages into the pro-inflammatory M1 type, driving the production of immunosuppressive cytokines such as TGF-β and IL-10, which fosters an M2 macrophage-like phenotype.389 Kaler et al.390 demonstrated that tumor cells stimulate macrophages to release IL-1β, which leads to GSK3β phosphorylation, stabilizing β-catenin, enhancing TCF-dependent gene activation, and promoting Wnt target gene expression in tumor cells.