In addition, in the TCGA cohort, Kaplan‒Meier analysis of PD-L1 and VEGFR2 expression indicated that patients with low PD-L1 and VEGFR2 expression had better survival, and similar results were obtained in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database analysis (Fig. 1A‒D). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and glioma.