Next, to investigate the effect of anti-PD-L1 and anti-VEGFR2 therapy on the tumor immune response, we cocultured activated CD8+ T cells and GBM cells in medium treated with anti-PD-L1 or anti-VEGFR2 therapy, and results showed that both anti-PD-L1 and anti-VEGFR2 therapy induced GBM cells apoptosis (Fig. 2F, G, K, L). Here, KDR is linked to neoplasm.