OPTN and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Indeed, several genes, variants of which cause or contribute to ALS, are involved in proteasomal or autophagic protein degradation, including C9orfF72 [17, 53, 95, 96], Optineurin (OPTN) [97, 98], Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP) [99], vesicle-associated membrane protein B (VAPB), TANK binding kinase (TBK1), and UBQLN2 [8, 100].