In another study, the stromal accumulation of Gal-1 exhibited a significantly progressive upregulation, transitioning from low to intermediate grades and further escalating in high-grade PCa, where a small molecule inhibitor of Gal-1 (LLS30) potentiated antitumor activity of anti-PD1 in immunotherapy-resistant PCa in vivo [181]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.