PDCD1 and glioblastoma: For instance, in a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mouse model, intranasal Gal-1 silencing together with PD-1 blocking antibody had a synergistic effect, significantly increasing survival of tumor-bearing mice by reducing the number of Tregs and M2-type macrophages and increasing the number of Th and Tc cells [179].