Independently of the agent chosen, general measures should be taken; adequate hydration is important to prevent exacerbating hypercalcemia; thiazide diuretics should be avoided because they increase renal calcium reabsorption; lithium should be avoided because it may raise PTH by raising the set point at which extracellular calcium suppresses PTH secretion (176). The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is hypercalcemia disease.