Increases the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Anaerostipes in the gut of T2DM rats while decreasing the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Candidatus Saccharimonas, and Ruminococcus. It inhibits TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammation and alleviates hyperglycemia and inflammatory responses. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.