Evidence has been presented that Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that is localized in mitochondria (Giralt and Villarroya, 2012), exerts a wide range of biological functions and have emerged as an important player in aging, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer development (Ansari et al., 2017; Torrens-Mas et al., 2017). The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is metabolic disease.