LncRNA HIF-1A stabilising long non-coding RNA (HISLA) derived from exosomes of M2 macrophages promoted bladder cancer proliferation and migration via stabilisation of β-catenin (Guo Y. et al., 2022) and pancreatic cancer-derived exosomal lncRNA FGD5-AS1 enhanced M2 polarisation in TAMs by interacting with p300, promoting acetylation of STAT3 and activating STAT3/NF-κβ highway (He Z. et al., 2022). Here, STAT3 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.