Overexpression of GAS5 encouraged anti-tumorigenic conditions in EC mainly in 3 ways–promoting M1 polarisation in TAMs by microRNA-21– phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)–AKT axis (miR-21/PTEN/AKT axis), increasing phagocytosis and immune cell activation in cancer environment and suppressing the nuclear accumulation and phosphorylation of oncogenic yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in TAMs (Tu et al., 2022). Here, YAP1 is linked to cancer.